CDL classes
| Class | What it covers |
|---|---|
| Class A | Combination over 26,001 lbs with a towed unit over 10,000 lbs |
| Class B | Single vehicle over 26,001 lbs, towing under 10,000 lbs |
| Class C | Under 26,001 lbs carrying 16+ passengers or placarded hazmat |
Endorsements
- H — Hazardous materials (TSA background check required).
- N — Tank vehicles.
- X — Combined tank and hazmat.
- T — Double/triple trailers.
- P / S — Passenger and school bus.
ELDT — entry-level driver training
Since February 2022, anyone obtaining a first CDL, upgrading class, or getting an H, P or S endorsement must complete theory and behind-the-wheel training with a provider listed on FMCSA's Training Provider Registry. The provider reports completion electronically; the state will not issue the license otherwise.
Company driver vs. leased owner-operator
A company driver is your employee: you provide the truck, withhold taxes, carry workers' comp, and own the safety record. A leased owner-operator provides their own truck under a written lease meeting 49 CFR Part 376 — but their violations still land on your DOT record.
- A Part 376 lease must be written, signed, specify the compensation, duration, and that the carrier has exclusive possession and control.
- Keep the lease for the term plus one year.
- The owner-operator still needs a full DQ file and must be in your random testing pool.
- Misclassifying a company driver as a contractor is a state and federal tax exposure, not just a DOT issue.
Exclusive possession and control is the phrase that matters. If you cannot direct the truck, you probably have an illegal lease.